ื“ืœื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื™
ืฉึตืื
ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™

ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ืŸ


ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ืŸ

ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉื ื‘ืขืœ ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื˜ื™ื ื™ ืขืชื™ืง, ื”ื ื’ื–ืจ ืžื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ืœื˜ื™ื ื™ืช 'Constantinus', ืฉืคื™ืจื•ืฉื” 'ืื™ืชืŸ', 'ืงื‘ื•ืข' ืื• 'ื ืืžืŸ'. ื”ืฉื ืžื‘ื˜ื ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช, ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ื“ืขื”, ื•ื ืืžื ื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ืœืขืจื›ื™ื ื•ืœืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ื. ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจื•ืžื™ืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืžื”, ื”ืฉื ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืžืขืžื“ื™ ื•ื ืฉื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื— ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื•ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ืื•ืคื™. ื”ืฉื ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืื™ืžืคืจื™ื” ื”ืจื•ืžื™ืช ื•ื”ืคืš ืœืื—ื“ ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืื—ืจ ืขืœื™ื™ืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ื›ื“ืช ื”ืจืฉืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืžืคืจื™ื”. ื”ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ืช ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกืžืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื ื•ืฉืืช ืฉื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ื ื•ืก ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื”ืงื™ืกืจ ื”ืจื•ืžื™ ืฉื—ื™ ื‘ืžืื” ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ืœืกืคื™ืจื” ื•ืฉื™ื ื” ืืช ืคื ื™ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”. ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื”ืงื™ืกืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ืžืฅ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื”ืคืš ืื•ืชื” ืžื“ืช ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื ืจื“ืคืช ืœื“ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืžืคืจื™ื” ื”ืจื•ืžื™ืช. ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ื ื•ืก ื™ื™ืกื“ ืืช ื”ืขื™ืจ ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ื ื•ืคื•ืœ (ื‘ื™ื–ื ืฅ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ, ืื™ืกื˜ื ื‘ื•ืœ ื›ื™ื•ื) ืฉื ืงืจืื” ืขืœ ืฉืžื• ื•ืฉื™ืžืฉื” ื›ื‘ื™ืจืช ื”ืื™ืžืคืจื™ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื–ื ื˜ื™ืช ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืืœืฃ ืฉื ื”. ืžื•ืจืฉืชื• ื›ืœืœื” ืจืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ืžื ื”ืœื™ื•ืช, ืฆื‘ืื™ื•ืช ื•ื“ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืขื™ืฆื‘ื• ืืช ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื•ื”ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื. ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื“ืžื•ืชื• ื”ืžืจืฉื™ืžื”, ื”ืฉื ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ืŸ ื”ืคืš ืœืกืžืœ ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช ื—ื–ืงื”, ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืฉื ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ืŸ ืื•ืžืฅ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืžื–ืจื— ืื™ืจื•ืคื”, ื”ื‘ืœืงืŸ ื•ืจื•ืกื™ื”, ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ื ืคื•ืฅ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืžืื•ืช ื”-19 ื•ื”-20. ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ืฉื ื–ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื–ื”ื•ืชื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช. ื”ืฉื ื ื•ืฉื ืื•ืคื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืœืงื˜ื•ืืœื™ ื•ืืฆื™ืœื™, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื“ืจ ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืขืฉื™ืจื” ื•ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”. ื›ื™ื•ื, ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืชืจ ืฉื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ื•ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ืจื•ืกื™ืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื”ืฉื ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ื’ืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืกื•ืจืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ืขืชื™ืงื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ืช ืจื—ื‘ื”, ื•ืžื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ื•ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช.

ื”ืฉื ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ืŸ ืžื ื•ืงื“

ืงื•ึนื ึฐืกึฐื˜ึทื ึฐื˜ึดื™ืŸ

ื”ืฉื ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช

Konstantin | Constantine | Constantino | Kostya

ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ืŸ ืžืชืื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ

ื‘ืŸ

ื”ืื ื”ืฉื ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ืŸ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™

ื›ืŸ

ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืฉื ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ืŸ ืžื”ืงื‘ืœื”

ื‘ืงื‘ืœื”, ื”ืฉื ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ืŸ ืžืกืžืœ ืืช ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืื™ืชื ื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช. ื”ืฉื ืžืงื•ืฉืจ ืœืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“, ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืื™ืชืŸ ืฉืขืœื™ื• ื ื‘ื ื™ืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื•ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉืžื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืื™ืชืŸ ื‘ืคื ื™ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื ืืžื ื•ืช ืœื“ืจืš ื”ืืžืช.

ืขืจืš ื’ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ ืœืฉื ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ืŸ

344

=

100

ืง

+

6

ื•

+

50

ื 

+

60

ืก

+

9

ื˜

+

50

ื 

+

9

ื˜

+

10

ื™

+

50

ืŸ

ืขืจืš ื ื•ืžืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืœืฉื ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ืŸ

2

=

100

ืง

+

6

ื•

+

50

ื 

+

60

ืก

+

9

ื˜

+

50

ื 

+

9

ื˜

+

10

ื™

+

50

ืŸ

=

344

=

3

+

4

+

4

=

11

=

1

+

1

=

2

ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ืŸ

ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ืŸ ืกื˜ื ื™ืกืœื‘ืกืงื™ - ื‘ืžืื™ ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ืจื•ืกื™ ืžืคื•ืจืกื | ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ืŸ ืฆ'ืจื ื ืงื• - ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ื›ืœืœื™ ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช | ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ื ืกืงื™ - ืฉื—ืงืŸ ื•ืงื•ืœื ื•ืขืŸ ืจื•ืกื™ | ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ืŸ ืจื•ืงื•ืกื•ื‘ืกืงื™ - ืžืจืฉืœ ืกื•ื‘ื™ื™ื˜ื™ ืžืคื•ืจืกื | ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ืŸ ืžืœืื“ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ' - ื›ื“ื•ืจื’ืœืŸ ืกืจื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™

ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ืŸ โ€” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื | ืฉึตืื