ื“ืœื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื™
ืฉึตืื
ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™

ืื‘ื™ืจื

ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื ืื‘ื™ืจื

ืื‘ื™ืจื ื”ื•ื ืฉื ืขื‘ืจื™ ืขืชื™ืง ื•ืžืจืฉื™ื, ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžืฉื ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืœืฉื•ื ื™ื™ื: "ืื‘ื™" ื•"ืจื". ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ืื‘ื™" ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ืœืื‘, ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™, ื‘ืขื•ื“ "ืจื" ืžืฆื™ื™ื ืช ื’ื•ื‘ื”, ืขืœื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื ืฉื’ื‘ื•ืช. ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืœื•ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื”ื™ื "ืื‘ื™ ืจื" ืื• "ื”ืื‘ ื”ื ื™ืฉื", ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืงืคืช ืชืคื™ืกื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ื™ืจืืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ื•ืžืขืžื“ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื ืขืœื”. ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ืžืงืจืื™, ื”ืฉื ืžื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื”ื›ืจืช ื’ื“ื•ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืืœ ื•ืืช ืžืขืžื“ื• ื”ื ืฉื’ื‘, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืคืจืฉ ืื•ืชื• ื’ื ื›"ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ืจื ื•ื ื™ืฉื" ืื• "ืื‘ื™ ืฉื‘ืฉืžื™ื™ื ื ืขืœื” ื•ืžืจื•ืžื". ื”ืฉื ืื‘ื™ืจื ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืชื "ืš ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื, ื•ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ื•ื ืื‘ื™ืจื ื‘ืŸ ืืœื™ืื‘ ืžืฉื‘ื˜ ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ, ืฉื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ืชืฃ ืœืžืจื“ ืงืจื— ื ื’ื“ ืžืฉื” ื•ืื”ืจืŸ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ. ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื–ื”, ื”ืžืชื•ืืจ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ, ืžืฆื™ื’ ืืช ืื‘ื™ืจื ื›ืื—ืช ื”ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืจื“ ืฉืขืจืขืจ ืขืœ ืกืžื›ื•ืชื ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื•ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ื•ืื”ืจืŸ. ื”ืžืจื“ ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ื ืฉ ืืœื•ื”ื™ ื—ืžื•ืจ - ื”ืื“ืžื” ืคืขืจื” ืืช ืคื™ื” ื•ื‘ืœืขื” ืืช ื”ืžื•ืจื“ื™ื ื•ืืช ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื. ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื˜ืจื’ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžืงืจืื™, ื”ืฉื ืขืฆืžื• ื ืฉืžืจ ื‘ืžืกื•ืจืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื•ื ืชืคืก ื›ืฉื ื‘ืขืœ ืขื•ืฆืžื” ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืขืžื•ืงื”. ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืฉื ืขืฆืžื• ืื™ื ื• ื ื•ืฉื ืงื•ื ื•ื˜ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœื™ืœื™ืช - ื”ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื” ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœืžืขืฉื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืงืจืื™ืช, ืœื ืœืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื ืื• ืœืขืจื›ื• ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™. ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช, ื”ืฉื ืื‘ื™ืจื ื–ื›ื” ืœืชื—ื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ืคืš ืœืฉื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืคืฉื•ืช ืฉื ืžืงืจืื™ ืขื ืฆืœื™ืœ ื—ื–ืง ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื ืฉื’ื‘ื”. ื”ืฉื ืžืฉื“ืจ ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื— ืคื ื™ืžื™, ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื•ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืžื•ืจืฉืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืขืชื™ืงื”. ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื–ื” ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื”ื ืžื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืืช ืจืฆื•ื ื”ื ืœื”ืขื ื™ืง ืœื• ื–ื”ื•ืช ื—ื–ืงื” ื•ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ืช, ื”ืžืงื•ืฉืจืช ืœืžืกื•ืจืช ื”ืžืงืจืื™ืช ืืš ื’ื ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ืช ื•ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช. ื”ืฉื ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื• ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื’ืื•ื•ื”, ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืขืฆืžื™ ื•ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช, ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ืื•ืชื• ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืžื•ืฉื›ืช ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœื—ื ืš ืืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื”ื ืœืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืกื•ืจืช, ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื™ื ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ืช.

ื”ืฉื ืื‘ื™ืจื ืžื ื•ืงื“

ืึฒื‘ึดื™ืจึธื

ื”ืฉื ืื‘ื™ืจื ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช

Aviram | Abiram

ืื‘ื™ืจื ืžืชืื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ

ื‘ืŸ

ื”ืื ื”ืฉื ืื‘ื™ืจื ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™

ืœื

ืžืงื•ื ื”ืฉื ืื‘ื™ืจื ืžื”ืชื "ืš

ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื˜ื–:ื‘-ื’ - ื•ึทื™ึธึผืงึปืžื•ึผ ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ืžึนืฉึถืื” ื•ึทืึฒื ึธืฉึดืื™ื ืžึดื‘ึฐึผื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ ื—ึฒืžึดืฉึดึผืื™ื ื•ึผืžึธืืชึธื™ึดื ื ึฐืฉึดื‚ื™ืึตื™ ืขึตื“ึธื” ืงึฐืจึดืึตื™ ืžื•ึนืขึตื“ ืึทื ึฐืฉึตืื™ ืฉึตืื. ื•ึทื™ึดึผืงึธึผื”ึฒืœื•ึผ ืขึทืœ ืžึนืฉึถืื” ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ื•ึทื™ึนึผืืžึฐืจื•ึผ ืึฒืœึตื”ึถื ืจึทื‘ ืœึธื›ึถื ื›ึดึผื™ ื›ึธืœ ื”ึธืขึตื“ึธื” ื›ึปึผืœึธึผื ืงึฐื“ึนืฉึดืื™ื ื•ึผื‘ึฐืชื•ึนื›ึธื ื”' ื•ึผืžึทื“ึผื•ึผืขึท ืชึดึผืชึฐื ึทืฉึฐึผื‚ืื•ึผ ืขึทืœ ืงึฐื”ึทืœ ื”'

ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืฉื ืื‘ื™ืจื ืžื”ืงื‘ืœื”

ื‘ืงื‘ืœื”, ื”ืฉื ืื‘ื™ืจื ืžืกืžืœ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืืจืฆื™ ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื”ื ืฉื’ื‘. ื”ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ "ืื‘ื™" ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ, ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ ืฉืžืžื ื• ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื”, ื‘ืขื•ื“ "ืจื" ืžืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœืขืœื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืชืจื•ืžื ืœืขื‘ืจ ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ. ื”ืฉื ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื•ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืขืžื•ืง ืœืื‘ ืฉื‘ืฉืžื™ื™ื, ื•ื”ื•ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืฉื ื‘ืขืœ ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื—ื–ืงื” ื”ืžืขื•ื“ื“ืช ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื ืคืฉื™ืช ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืชื•ื“ืขื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”.

ืขืจืš ื’ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ ืœืฉื ืื‘ื™ืจื

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ืขืจืš ื ื•ืžืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืœืฉื ืื‘ื™ืจื

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ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ืื‘ื™ืจื

ืื‘ื™ืจื ื‘ืจื•ื›ื™ืืŸ - ืฉื—ืงืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืžื•ืขืจืš, ื™ื“ื•ืข ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ื‘ืกื“ืจืช ื”ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” 'ืคืื•ื“ื”' | ืื‘ื™ืจื ืืœืขื“ - ื–ืžืจ ื•ืžื•ื–ื™ืงืื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ | ืื‘ื™ืจื ืงืคืœืŸ - ืื™ืฉ ืขืกืงื™ื ื•ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ื›ื™ืจ | ืื‘ื™ืจื ื“ื”ืจื™ - ืกืคื•ืจื˜ืื™ ื•ืื™ืฉ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ

ืฉืžื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœืื‘ื™ืจื

ืื‘ื™ืจ | ืจื | ืื‘ื™ื ื•ืขื | ืื‘ื™ืฉื™ | ืื‘ื™ืขื“

ืกืš ื›ืœ ื”ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื”ืฉื ืื‘ื™ืจื ื ืจืฉื

1924 ืคืขืžื™ื

ื’ืจืฃ ื”ืฉื ืื‘ื™ืจื

* ืžืงื•ืจ: ื”ืœืฉื›ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืœืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื”. ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืืคืจื™ืœ 2022

ืื‘ื™ืจื โ€” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื | ืฉึตืื