ื“ืœื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื™
ืฉึตืื
ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™

ื”ื ืจื™ื™ื˜


ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื”ื ืจื™ื™ื˜

ื”ื ืจื™ื™ื˜ ื”ื•ื ืฉื ืคืจื˜ื™ ื ืฉื™ ื™ื•ืงืจืชื™ ื•ืืฆื™ืœื™, ืฉืžืงื•ืจื• ื‘ืฉื ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™-ืฆืจืคืชื™ Henriette, ื”ื ื’ื–ืจ ืžื”ืฉื ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ื™ื ืจื™ืš (Heinrich) ืื• ืื ืจื™ (Henri). ื”ืฉื ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื• ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ "ืฉืœื™ื˜ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช" ืื• "ื’ื‘ื™ืจืช ื”ืื—ื•ื–ื”", ื”ืžืฉืœื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื•ื— ื•ืขื“ื™ื ื•ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช ื•ื ืฉื™ื•ืช. ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ืช, ื”ืฉื ื”ื ืจื™ื™ื˜ ื”ื™ื” ื ืคื•ืฅ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืืฆื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื‘ื•ืจื’ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืื•ืช ื”-18 ื•ื”-19, ื•ื”ื•ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืกืžืœ ืฉืœ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”. ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”, ื”ืฉื ืื•ืžืฅ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœื” (ื”ื”ืกื›ืœื”) ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืืžื ืฆื™ืคืฆื™ื” ื•ื”ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ืฉืžื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ื™ื ืžืชื•ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ. ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™-ื™ืฉืจืืœื™, ื”ื ืจื™ื™ื˜ ื ื•ืฉื ืื•ืคื™ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืœ ื’ืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืกื•ืจืช ืœืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช. ื”ืฉื ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ื”ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื›ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืคืขืœื• ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื”ืžื“ืข, ื•ืฉืชืจืžื• ืชืจื•ืžื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืœื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื•ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื”ื ืจื™ื™ื˜ ื”ื™ื• ื™ื“ื•ืขื•ืช ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื›ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืื•ืคื™ ืขืฆืžืื™, ืจื•ื— ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช ื•ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื•ืœื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ืช. ื”ืฉื ืžืฉื“ืจ ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืืœื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืขื“ื™ื ื”, ืื™ื ื˜ืœื™ื’ื ืฆื™ื” ื—ื“ื” ื•ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ืžืจืฉื™ืžื”. ื”ื•ื ืžืชืื™ื ืœื ืขืจื” ืฉืชื’ื“ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื” ื‘ืขืœืช ืขืžื“ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช, ื”ืžืกื•ื’ืœืช ืœื ื”ืœ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื” ื‘ื—ื•ื›ืžื” ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžืกื•ืจืช. ื›ื™ื•ื, ื”ืฉื ื”ื ืจื™ื™ื˜ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืฉื ืงืœืืกื™ ื•ื ื“ื™ืจ, ืฉื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื• ื ื•ืคืš ืฉืœ ื ื•ืกื˜ืœื’ื™ื” ื•ื™ื•ืงืจื”. ื”ื•ื ืคื—ื•ืช ื ืคื•ืฅ ื‘ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ, ืžื” ืฉืžืขื ื™ืง ืœื• ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื•ืื•ืคื™ ืžื•ื‘ื—ืŸ. ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื–ื” ืœื‘ืชื ืžื‘ื™ืขื™ื ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ืช ื”ืงืœืืกื™ืช, ืœืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื”ืฉื›ืœื”, ื•ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืžื•ืจืฉืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช. ื”ืฉื ืžืชืื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ื™ื, ืื• ืœืžื™ ืฉืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืฉื ื‘ืขืœ ืื•ืคื™ ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ื˜ื ื‘ืงืœื•ืช ื‘ืฉืคื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ื”ื ืจื™ื™ื˜ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืžื•ืฉืœืžืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื ืฉื™, ืžืชื•ื—ื›ื ื•ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืขืฉื™ืจื”, ืฉืžืฉืœื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืœื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืงืœืืกื™ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ืขืฆืžืื•ืช.

ื”ืฉื ื”ื ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืžื ื•ืงื“

ื”ึถื ึฐืจึดื™ึถื˜

ื”ืฉื ื”ื ืจื™ื™ื˜ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช

Henriette | Henrietta | Harriet

ื”ื ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืžืชืื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ

ื‘ืช

ื”ืื ื”ืฉื ื”ื ืจื™ื™ื˜ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™

ื›ืŸ

ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืฉื ื”ื ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืžื”ืงื‘ืœื”

ื‘ืงื‘ืœื”, ื”ืฉื ื”ื ืจื™ื™ื˜ ื ื•ืฉื ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช. ื”ืฉื ืžืงื•ืฉืจ ืœืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช, ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ืืจืฆื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ ื•ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช. ื ื•ืฉืืช ื”ืฉื ื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืœื‘ืขืœืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืื–ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช - ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืœื—ื•ืžืจื™, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืœื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™.

ืขืจืš ื’ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ ืœืฉื ื”ื ืจื™ื™ื˜

284

=

5

ื”

+

50

ื 

+

200

ืจ

+

10

ื™

+

10

ื™

+

9

ื˜

ืขืจืš ื ื•ืžืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืœืฉื ื”ื ืจื™ื™ื˜

5

=

5

ื”

+

50

ื 

+

200

ืจ

+

10

ื™

+

10

ื™

+

9

ื˜

=

284

=

2

+

8

+

4

=

14

=

1

+

4

=

5

ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื”ื ืจื™ื™ื˜

ื”ื ืจื™ื™ื˜ื” ืกืืœื“ - ืคืขื™ืœื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื”-ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ืช ื•ืžื™ื™ืกื“ืช ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ืงื” 'ื•ื•ื™ื–ื•' | ื”ื ืจื™ื™ื˜ื” ืœืงืก - ืžื“ืขื ื™ืช ืฉืชืื™ ื”ืกืจื˜ืŸ ืฉืœื” ืฉื™ืžืฉื• ืœืžื—ืงืจ ืจืคื•ืื™ ืคื•ืจืฅ ื“ืจืš | ื”ื ืจื™ื™ื˜ื” ื”ืจืฅ - ืคื™ืœื ืชืจื•ืคื™ืช ื•ืืฉืช ื—ื‘ืจื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื” ืžืคื•ืจืกืžืช

ืฉืžื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœื”ื ืจื™ื™ื˜

ื”ื ืจื™ื™ื˜ โ€” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื | ืฉึตืื